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Sudo Settings
2017/06/18 |
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Configure Sudo to separate users' duty if some people share privileges.
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| [1] | Install Sudo. |
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root@dlp:~# apt -y install sudo |
| [2] | Transfer root privilege to a user all. |
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root@dlp:~#
# add to the end: user [stretch] can use all root privilege
stretch ALL=(ALL) ALL
# how to write ⇒ destination host=(owner) command # push [Ctrl + x] key to quit visudo # verify with user [stretch] stretch@dlp:~$ /sbin/shutdown -r now shutdown: you must be root to do that! # denied normally stretch@dlp:~$
[sudo] password for stretch:
stretch@dlp:~$# stretch's password
Broadcast message from root@dlp (pts/0) (Sun May 6 02:45:10 2011):
The system is going down for reboot NOW! # possible execute
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| [3] | In addition to the setting [1], set that some commands are not allowed. |
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root@dlp:~#
# add alias for the kind of shutdown commands # Cmnd alias specification Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = /sbin/halt, /sbin/shutdown, \ /sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/init, /bin/systemctl # add ( commands in alias [SHUTDOWN] are not allowed )
stretch ALL=(ALL) ALL,
!SHUTDOWN # verify with user [stretch] stretch@dlp:~$ [sudo] password for stretch: Sorry, user stretch is not allowed to execute '/sbin/shutdown -r now' as root on dlp.srv.world. # denied normally
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| [4] | Transfer some commands with root privilege to users in a group. |
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root@dlp:~#
# add aliase for the kind of user management comamnds # Cmnd alias specification Cmnd_Alias USERMGR = /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \ /usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd # add to the end %usermgr ALL=(ALL) USERMGR groupadd usermgr
root@dlp:~#
vi /etc/group # add a user in this group usermgr:x:1002: stretch # verify with user [stretch] stretch@dlp:~$ stretch@dlp:~$ # done normally stretch@dlp:~$ Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully |
| [5] | Transfer some commands with root privilege to a user. |
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root@dlp:~#
# add to the end
fedora ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/visudo
cent ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \ /usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd suse ALL=(ALL) /usr/bin/vim # possible to open and edit ## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as ## the root user, without needing the root password. ## # verify with user [cent] cent@dlp:~$
cent@dlp:~$
# done normally
# verify with user [suse] # possible to edit or save # ~/.profile: executed by Bourne-compatible login shells. |
| [6] | The logs for sudo are kept in '/var/log/auth.log', but there are many kind of logs in it. So if you'd like to keep only sudo's log in a file, Set like follows. |
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root@dlp:~#
# add to the end Defaults syslog=local1
root@dlp:~#
vi /etc/rsyslog.conf # line 61: add
local1.* /var/log/sudo.log
auth,authpriv.* /var/log/auth.log
root@dlp:~# systemctl restart rsyslog |